斜槓青年 / 傻奧所思

The Role of Insulin in the Human Body

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYH1deu7-4E

When food is ingested, it travels along the digestive tract, where it is broken down into its component nutrients, in order to be absorbed into the bloodstream.

One such nutrient is glucose, a simple sugar, glucose that gets absorbed by the stomach and intestines and then enters the bloodstream.

It travels through the circulation to all body cells, once absorbed into the bloodstream, glucose circulates causing the blood sugar level to rise.

An increased level of blood sugar sends a signal to the pancreatic beta cells, which respond by secreting the hormone Insulin into the circulation.

Insulin is necessary for glucose to reach and be used by several important target tissues throughout the body.

These include the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue.

Insulin is necessary to keep blood glucose levels stable in the body.

Glucose enters the cell through a process called facilitated diffusion.

ingest
v.
uk /ɪnˈdʒest/ us /ɪnˈdʒest/

→ to eat or drink something

攝影師：Mikhail Nilov，連結：Pexels

glucose

n.
uk /ˈɡluː.kəʊs/ us /ˈɡluː.koʊs/

葡萄糖

intestine
n.
uk /ɪnˈtes.tɪn/ us /ɪnˈtes.tɪn/

腸

pancreatic beta cells

胰島β细胞

pancreatic

a.
uk /pæŋ.kriˈæt.ik/ us /pæŋ.kriˈæt.ik/

胰臟的，胰腺的

secrete
v.
uk /sɪˈkriːt/ us /sɪˈkriːt/

→ (of animals or plants or their cells) to produce and release a liquid

insulin
n.
uk /ˈɪn.sjə.lɪn/ us /ˈɪn.sə.lɪn/
→ a hormone in the body that controls the amount of sugar in the blood:

adipose tissue

脂肪組織

adipose
a.
uk /ˈæd.ɪ.pəʊs/ /ˈæd.ɪ.pəʊz/ us /ˈæd.ə.poʊs/

→ relating to animal fat:

facilitate
v
uk /fəˈsɪl.ɪ.teɪt/ us /fəˈsɪl.ə.teɪt/
→ to make something possible or easier: